Page 43 - Agriculture_Form_3

Agriculture for Secondary Schools

3. Explain the optimum temperature and rainfall for sorghum production.
4. Discuss why sorghum does not do well in areas with rainfall above 1500 mm
per annum.

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Variety selection and sorghum sowing
The yield performance of sorghum tends to vary among varieties; therefore, it is
important to select the appropriate sorghum variety for planting. The selection
should consider qualities like growth rates, resistance to pests and diseases,
yield potential and market demand. Recommended grain sorghum varieties in
Tanzania include Macia, Tegemeo, Wahi, Hakika, Pato and NARCO. However,
these may change over time. The sorghum varieties are recommended according
to the climatic or ecological conditions of a place. To get the latest recommended
varieties, consult agricultural workers or accredited seed sellers.

Selection of a variety is followed by sowing. Sowing should be done timely and
properly. Sorghum can be sown using two main methods drilling and dibbling.
In the drilling method, seeds are spread in a furrow and then covered with soil.
For the dibbling method, seeds are placed in holes at the correct spacing and then
covered with soil. Sowing should be done when the soil has enough moisture,
preferably during the early rainy season. This helps to support seed germination
and early growth. Sorghum seeds should be planted at a depth of 2 - 5 cm. For
dibbling, the spacing between plants should be 15 - 20 cm and 60 - 75 cm between
rows. For drilling, only row spacing (60 - 75 cm) applies, while plant spacing is
not fixed. However, the spacing instructions indicated on the seed package may
be followed or adjusted accordingly, based on the growth characteristics of the
variety. Proper spacing allows plants to grow well and reduces competition for
nutrients, water, and sunlight. It also makes it easier to carry out field management
operations, such as weeding and harvesting.

Activity 3.4

Visit nearby farmers and agro-dealers, then:
1. Discuss different sorghum varieties available, then identify the recommended
ones for your area.

2. Select a suitable area for sowing sorghum seeds at your school farm.

3. Participate in sowing sorghum by using drilling and dibbling methods.

34 Student’s Book Form Three

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