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Crafting meaning Academic Communication for Advanced Secondary Schools

New words Abbreviated words
AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
STEM Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics

Acronyms are often used for brevity and convenience purposes in a situation where long
forms or names are common. In this case, concepts are referred to more easily.

Exercise 1�8
Create acronyms for any concepts or phrases of your choice used in any subject
you are studying.

Borrowing
Borrowing is a process of adopting words from another language. Borrowed words are
also known as loanwords. English has borrowed words from languages such as Latin,
French, German and Kiswahili. Table 3.3 shows some borrowed words in English.

Table 1�1: English words borrowed from other languages

French Latin German Spanish Kiswahili
Bon voyage Kitchen Hamster Chocolate Safari

Laissez faire Education Sparerib Guerrilla Mzee
Cliché Data Nickel Alligator Ugali

Décor Chalk Cobalt Vanilla Matatu
Fiancée Butter Quartz Cockroach Bodaboda

Par avion Library Kindergarten Macho Mwalimu
Dossier Longitude Noodle Ranch

Activity 1�6
Use online/offline sources to search other word formation processes (neologism,
symbolism, reduplication and onomatopoeia). Then, write short notes for each process.

Exercise 1�9
How do online communication platforms and social media contribute to clipped
words and dissemination of new words in English?

Student’s Book Form Five
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Academic Communication.indd 7 30-Jun-24 11:02:02 AM
Academic Communication.indd 7