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Using illustrations in academic communication Academic Communication for Advanced Secondary Schools

Preparing illustrations in academic documents
Being a student subjects you to a vigorous learning process. This process entails among
others, preparation of various academic documents based on educational level, course
requirements, and the subject. Some common academic documents students are likely to
prepare include: essays, research papers, theses, dissertations, reports, class presentations
and annotated bibliographies. Preparation of academic documents can also involve
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
preparing visual aids. Some basic strategies to follow in preparing illustrations or visual
aids in academic documents include the following:

(a) Identifying the purpose
A clear definition of the purpose of the visual document is important. Are you making
a graph, chart, diagram, or any other illustration to support your objectives? Explain
both simple and complex concepts or demonstrate a clear presentation of data.
Understanding the purpose will guide your decisions throughout the preparation
process.

(b) Understanding the targeted audience
For visual aids to communicate the intended message, consider the audience viewing
your document. Are they fellow students, researchers, or a broader audience?
Understanding your audience will help you choose the appropriate level of detail,
terminology and visual style.
(c) Gathering and organising detailed information

Gather all the relevant information needed to be presented visually. Ensure that the
information is accurate, up-to-date and properly cited. Organise the data logically
to enhance clarity and understanding.
(d) Selecting an appropriate visual format
Select the most suitable visual format to present your information effectively. Common
options include charts, flowcharts, line graphs, bar graphs, tables, diagrams, info-
graphics, maps and images. Think of the nature of your data and the information
you want to communicate when making this decision.
(e) Designing the visual document
Good document design plays a vital role in preparing suitable visual documents for
academic communication. It is crucial to pay attention to the design of elements to
ensure that your visual document is visually appealing and easy to comprehend. For
example, layout, colour scheme, font selection and overall aesthetics are essential,
and they have to be designed carefully. Therefore, consistency in designing elements
throughout the document is highly observed.
(f) Creating the visual document

Use appropriate software tools for the type of visual documents you are creating.
Common tools include spreadsheet software for charts and graphs, graphic design
software for illustrations and info-graphics and presentation software for slide-based
documents.

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