Page 23 - Chinese

语言运用语言运用 Language use

1. “你”和“您” nǐ and nín

a. 在汉语普通话中“你”常用于指称同辈、地位相当的人或者朋友。例
如：
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
In Chinese, "你 (nǐ)" is commonly used to refer to peers, people of equal
status, or friends. For example: 一年级 Form One

朋友你好！ 一年级
你 同学你好！

你吃饭了吗？

b. “您”常用于长辈和地位高的人，表示对于对方的尊敬。“您”没有复
数形式，第二人称复数形式都用“你们”。

"您 (nín)" is commonly used for elders and people of higher status, showing

respect toward the other person. "您(nín)" does not have a plural form, and
the plural form of the second person is "你们" for both cases. For example

老师您好！
您
妈妈您好！

2． “姓”和“叫”xìng and jiào

汉语中的人名是先说“姓”，后说“名”。如果问“你姓什么”，回答
只介绍“姓”。如果问“你叫什么”，回答通常是一个人的全名。询问
对方姓名时，为了表示尊敬，常常用“您贵姓”提问，回答是“免贵我
姓……”。对同辈可以直接问“你叫什么”，回答是“我叫……”

In Chinese language, 姓 (xìng, surname) often goes before 名 (míng, given
name). 姓(xìng) only introduces one`s surname, while 叫 (jiào) introduces one`s
full name. To show the courtesy, 您贵姓 (Nín guìxìng) is often used when asking
the other's name and is responded by 免贵, 我姓 (Miǎnguì, wǒ xìng)……. 你
叫什么 (Nǐ jiào shénme）is used to inquire the name of someone of your
generation and is responded by 我叫(Wǒ jiào）…….

A.你姓什么？ A.您贵姓？ A.你叫什么?
B.我姓刘。 B.免贵我姓李。 B.我姓刘，我叫刘正。

中学汉语学生用书
15 Chinese for Secondary Schools Student’s Book

26/10/2024 13:18
Chinese Form One.indd 15
Chinese Form One.indd 15 26/10/2024 13:18