Page 28 - Geography for Secondary Schools Student’s Book Form One

Geography for Secondary Schools
Student’s Book Form One

the Earth’s rotation. This effect influences The side that faces the sun experiences the
the direction of wind patterns and ocean light from the sun (day) whereas the side
currents. The winds and ocean currents that is not facing the sun at that time is in
in the Northern Hemisphere are deflected darkness (night) (Figure 3.2). Therefore,
to the right, while those in the Southern as the Earth rotates its two parts alternate
Hemisphere they are deflected to the left. between light and darkness, respectively.
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As such, different places on the earth’s
surface experience sunrise, noon and sunset
Exercise 3.2 at different times in a day (Figure 3.2).

1. Why do we experience sunrise and
sunset?
2. What is the impact of the Earth’s axis Sun rays
tilting to an angle of 23½°?
3. The sun does not move instead the
Earth moves, explain. NIGHT DAY

4. Explain the consequences of the earth’s
rotation to stop suddenly. How would
this influence different aspects of life
on Earth? Figure 3.2: Day and night

5. Why the speed of the earth’s rotation
is zero (0) kilometres per hour at the
poles? (ii) Differences in time
Rotation of the Earth causes differences
The effects of rotation in time in places located at different
longitudes. Places on the same longitude
Activity 3.3 have the same time. As the Earth rotates
on its axis, different places of the world
Using a flashlight and a globe, demonstrate experience daylight and darkness at
how the earth’s rotation causes day and different times. The difference in time is
night. Turn on the flashlight on the globe determined by longitudinal differences
to represent the Sun’s light, while you between two or more places. The Earth is
rotate the globe to simulate its rotation. 360°, it is divided into 24 time zones, each
Then, present what you have observed.
with approximately 15 degrees of longitude
width, such that, each time zone represents
Rotation of the earth has the following a one-hour difference in time. For example,
effects: if you have two places located in different
(i) Day and night time zones, one at a longitude 60° West and

The change between day and night is caused the other at a longitude 120° East, they will
by the rotation of the Earth on its axis. have a time difference of 12 hours.

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