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Biology for Secondary Schools
Column A Column B
(ii) Sweating B. Hormone produced by the thyroid
gland to regulate metabolic rate
C. Behavioural methods of gaining
(iii) Vasodilation heat, such as basking in the sun
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D. Widening of blood vessels near the
skin surface to increase heat loss
(iv) Vasoconstriction E. The process by which organisms
maintain a stable internal body
temperature
(v) Shivering
F. Involuntary muscle contractions that
generate heat in cold conditions
(vi) Erector muscles G. A method of heat loss through the
evaporation of sweat from the skin
H. Raises body hairs to trap a layer of
(vii) Piloerection insulating air
I. Located in the brain, it regulates body
temperature by detecting changes
(viii) Hypothalamus J. Transfer of heat through direct contact
with a more extraordinary object
K. Enzyme activity decreases as
(ix) Thyroxine temperature falls below optimum
L. Stimulates sweat glands to increase
activity in high temperatures
(x) Conduction M. A process of heat gain by warm
blood reaching the skin surface
N. Secreted by adrenal glands to regulate
salt and water balance
O. Prevents dehydration by retaining
water through reduced sweating
2. Imagine you are a wildlife 3. After an intense workout, a
conservationist in a game reserve human body initiates several
located in desert ecosystem. You thermoregulatory responses.
receive tourists who notice that Explain at least three physiological
camels have fat stored in their humps mechanisms that the body uses
while desert foxes have large ears. to regulate temperature in such a
Based on your understanding of
thermoregulation, explain to them situation.
how these adaptations help these two
animals survive in such environment.
118 Student’s Book - Form Three
BIOLOGY FORM 3 FINAL EDITED 16.09.2025.indd 118 23/10/2025 11:52:48 KAMISHNA
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BIOLOGY FORM 3 FINAL EDITED 16.09.2025.indd 118
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