Page 156 - Chemistry_Form_2

Chemistry
for Secondary Schools

Glossary

Acid a substance which produces hydrogen ions (H ) in water as
+
the positively charged ions
Anhydrous contains no water
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
Base a substance that neutralises an acid by reacting with
hydrogen ions
Basic oxides oxides which react with acids to give salt and water as the
only products
Basicity of an acid the number of ionisable hydrogen ions per molecule of an
acid
Catalyst a substance that alters the rate of a chemical reaction but it
remains unchanged at the end of the reaction
Cations are positively charged particles

Corrosion a natural process that weakens metal structures, causing
damage and reducing their lifespan

Decomposition breaking down of a chemical compound into elements or
simpler compounds
End point the point in titration process whereby reactants have
reacted completely and is indicated by a physical change
such as colour change of an indicator used or precipitates
formation

Galvanisation a process of applying a protective zinc coating to iron or
steel to prevent rusting and corrosion

Hydrocarbons organic compounds made up of only carbon (C) and
hydrogen (H) atoms.

Irreversible reaction a reaction that proceeds in only one direction
Mineral acids also called inorganic acid is an acid derived from one or
more inorganic compounds
Neutralisation a process where an oxide or hydroxide ions of a base
combine with an acid in the correct ratio to form salt and
water
Organic acid an acidic organic compound that contains primarily carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen.
Oxidation addition of oxygen to a substance or removal of hydrogen
from a substance or loss of electrons from a substance

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CHEMISTRY FORM TWO NEW 2025 DUMMY.indd 149