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Figure 4.24: Output of the program

Activity 4.3: Exercise 4.8

Data type and variable in a program 1. What is the advantage of data type
Examine the following C++ program, in a variable declaration?
and then answer the questions that 2. Give the output of the following
follow: code fragment:

#include<iostream> int x;
using namespace std; x = ‘B’;
int main()
{ cout << x << ‘\n’;
char ch;
cout<<”Enter lower case alphabet: “; 3. Write a C++ program that reads two
cin>>ch; numbers entered by the user from
ch=ch-32; the keyboard, calculates their sum,
cout<<”\nThe uppercase alphabet is “<<ch;
cout<<endl; and displays the result on the screen.
return 0;}

Questions Constants
1. Type the program code above on During program execution, a value may
any C++ text editor program. change. To avoid this change, you can
2. Compile and run the program to use constants. The constant represents a
display an output. value whose data cannot change during
program execution. An example of the
3. Re-type the program to produce the constant is Pi = 3.14; you do not need
same output without using variable to retype it if you want to use it more
and data type. than once; instead, you can declare it as
4. Compare the two programs and a constant.
explain how difficult it is to practice
this program without using variable The syntax required to declare constant
and data type. is const datatype constantName = value;

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for Advanced Secondary Schools

Computer Science Form 5.indd 244 23/07/2024 12:33