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class SavingsAccount that adds and triangles, where each shape
an attribute for interest rate and a has a calculateArea() method?
method to apply interest. Explain Discuss how you would design the
how abstraction helps in managing classes and utilize polymorphism Chapter Four: Object oriented programming with C++
the complexity of the system. to calculate the area of each shape
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2. Design a C++ program for a library without explicitly checking the type
management system. Create a base of the object.
class LibraryItem with attributes 6. This code demonstrates how
like title, author, and ISBN. Include inheritance, encapsulation,
methods to get the details of the polymorphism, and abstraction can
item. Then, derive classes Book and be used together to create flexible
Magazine from LibraryItem, adding and reusable code in C++. Study the
specific attributes and methods for code carefully and extract block of
each. How does abstraction make codes that represents inheritance,
the system more manageable and encapsulation, polymorphism, and
user-friendly? abstraction. Evaluate each block of
3. In a banking system, how would code in each pillar:
you use inheritance to model #include <iostream>
different types of accounts such as using namespace std;
SavingsAccount, CheckingAccount,
and LoanAccount, all inheriting // Base class
from a base class BankAccount? class Shape {
Discuss how you would structure the public:
classes to maximize code reusability // Virtual function
and minimize redundancy. virtual void draw() {
4. Consider a class representing a cout << “Drawing a shape”
bank account. How would you << endl;
use encapsulation to ensure that }
the account balance can only be };
modified through specified methods,
such as deposit() and withdraw(), // Derived class Circle
while preventing direct access to class Circle : public Shape {
the balance variable from outside public:
the class? // Overriding the draw() method
5. How would you use polymorphism void draw() override {
to implement a system for cout << “Drawing a circle”
processing different types of << endl;
shapes, such as circles, rectangles, }
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Student’s Book Form Five
Computer Science Form 5.indd 303 23/07/2024 12:34
