Page 309 - Computer_Science_F5

Computer Science Developing program using Abstraction in C++
Activity 4.12:
Abstraction is the process of hiding the
complex implementation details and
encapsulation to manage student’s
showing only important features of
examination
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
does rather than how it does it. The way
Imagine you are an examination officer at an object. It focuses on what an object
Mpemba High school. Create a program abstraction relates with encapsulation is
to manage students’ examinations, when encapsulation is used to achieve
including their names, admission abstraction. In encapsulation, this is
numbers, and scores for some subjects.
The program should calculate total and done by hiding the internal details of an
average scores of students. object leaving only essential features.

Public and Private Members in Abstraction

Public Members
Members declared as public are accessible from outside the class, forming part
of the class interface. These members, sometimes referred to as access specifiers,
define the accessibility of class elements.

For example, following part of code shows public member:
class Library {
public:

void addBook() {
// The code to add books of class Library will be written here
}
};

Private members
Members declared as private cannot be accessed directly from outside the class.
They can only be accessed by the class’s own methods. This helps in hiding the
implementation details.

For example, following part of code shows private member:
class Car {

private:
int mileage;

300
for Advanced Secondary Schools

Computer Science Form 5.indd 300 23/07/2024 12:34