Page 35 - General and Inorganic Chemistry for Advanced Secondary Schools Students Book Form Five and Six

Biology for Secondary Schools

Table 2.5: Results or disprove the hypothesis. From this
Drops of water Movement of experiment, it can be concluded that:
on paper towel earthworms ‘Earthworms prefer moist conditions
0 Random to dry conditions.’ This confirms the
hypothesis. Based on the conclusion,
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2 the hypothesis can be accepted,
4 modified, or rejected. Another
6 hypothesis is then formulated which
suggests why the first hypothesis was
8 correct or wrong. Hence, scientific
10 research is a never-ending process, as
12 shown in Figure 2.28.

Data analysis and interpretation Problem identification
At the end of the experiment, the
scientist analyses the observations and
data recorded. The scientist may also Hypothesis
look for patterns or trends in the data.
For example, in this experiment it may Experimentation
happen that: ‘As more drops of water
Control
were added to one paper towel, more experiment experiment
Test
earthworms moved to that side of the
tray.’ Observation and
recording data

Conclusion
A conclusion is a statement that Data analysis and interpretation
summarizes what a scientist has Accept
learnt from an experiment. When Reject Conclusion Modify
scientists reach a conclusion, they
state whether the data or information
collected supports their hypothesis or Reporting
not. Conclusions often lead scientists
to pose new questions and plan new Figure 2.28: Steps in the scientific
experiments to answer them. methods
Reporting results
It is important to remember that Scientists communicate their results to
results of an experiment may prove others in a final report. They can present

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