Page 55 - General and Inorganic Chemistry for Advanced Secondary Schools Students Book Form Five and Six

Biology for Secondary Schools

to bring the cross-section into elongated cells with thick walls,
focus. which represent the xylem tissue.
9. Gradually, increase the You may see them arranged in
magnification power to higher bundles.
levels to see the finer details of
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
the xylem tissue. Question
10. Observe the cross-section Describe what you have observed in
number 10.
under the microscope. Look for

Palisade cells
Palisade cells found in plant leaves, contain large amounts of chloroplasts.
Chloroplasts are the sites for photosynthesis. They contain chlorophyll which
traps sunlight energy during photosynthesis. Figure 3.16 shows the structure of
a palisade cell.

Cell wall

Nucleus Cell membrane

Cell sap vacuole

Chloroplast

Cytoplasm

Figure 3.16: Structure of a palisade cell

Chapter summary

1. The cell is the basic functional unit of life.

2. There are two main types of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
3. Animal cells and plant cells are eukaryotic cells.
4. The structures that are found in plant cells but not in animal cells are the cell
wall, chloroplasts, and cell sap vacuoles.
5. Cell differentiation refers to the way cells are specialized to perform a specific
function.

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