Page 51 - General and Inorganic Chemistry for Advanced Secondary Schools Students Book Form Five and Six
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Biology for Secondary Schools
Importance of cell differentiation Red blood cells
Cell differentiation leads to division of Red blood cells are also called
labour. Division of labour among the erythrocytes. They lack nuclei and are
cells means specific cells performing bi-concave in shape. This provides a
specific functions. This helps the body large surface area for transportation
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to carry out all life processes at the of oxygen from the lungs to various
same time and more efficiently. parts of the body. They also contain
haemoglobin which carries oxygen to
Specialised animal cells different parts of the body. Figure 3.11
The following are examples of specialised shows the structure of a red blood cell.
animal cells.
White blood cells
White blood cells are also called
leucocytes. They protect the body
against illness and diseases. The cells
can change their shapes so as to engulf
and destroy harmful microorganisms. Figure 3.11: Structure of a red blood cell
Some cells contain digestive enzymes
which destroy the microorganisms. Sperm cells
Figure 3.10 shows the structure of a The sperm cell fertilizes the female egg
white blood cell. during reproduction. The sperm cell has
a head and a tail. The tail enables the
sperm cell to swim to the egg. Figure
Nucleus
3.12 shows the structure of a sperm.
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Figure 3.10: Structure of a white blood
cell
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