Page 48 - General and Inorganic Chemistry for Advanced Secondary Schools Students Book Form Five and Six

Biology for Secondary Schools

Activity 3.3: Observing the plant cell 6. Use a low-power objective lens to
Materials: Onion, knife, forceps, examine the specimen under the
mounting needle, microscope, microscope microscope.
slide, coverslip, notebook, and a pen or 7. Draw what you see under the
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pencil microscope. Compare your diagram
Procedure with Figure 3.6

1. Separate a fleshy leaf from an onion
bulb.
2. Cut a small square of the leaf.

Safety precaution
Take precaution when using sharp
objects such as knife, forceps, and
mounting needle. Figure 3.6: Structure of onion epidermal
cells

3. Using forceps, peel off the epidermis Question
from the inner surface of the square.
1. Describe the structure of a plant cell.
4. Put it on a microscope slide, and 2. Based on your observations on
add a drop of water.
Activities 3.2 and 3.3, explain the
5. Using forceps, a mounting needle, similarities and differences between
or sharp pencil point, carefully plant and animal cells.
lower a coverslip over the epidermis
specimen.

Similarities and differences between animal and plant cells
Similarities
Animal and plant cells are similar in that both have a cell membrane, cytoplasm,
a nucleus, cell vacuoles and mitochondria.

Differences
The differences between plant and animal cells are shown in Table 3.1.

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