Page 67 - General and Inorganic Chemistry for Advanced Secondary Schools Students Book Form Five and Six

Biology for Secondary Schools

be written in italics, for example Zea mays and Homo sapiens. When
handwritten, the names must be underlined separately for example, Zea
mays and Homo sapiens. Examples of how the scientific names of some
common organisms are written in documents is shown in Table 4.3.
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
Table 4.3: Scientific names of common organisms
Common name Scientific name

Common frog Rana temporaria
Domestic cat Felis catus

Coconut palm Cocos nucifera
Mango tree Mangifera indica
Garlic Allium sativum

Onion Allium cepa
Pea plant Pisum sativum

Housefly Musca domestica
Lion Panthera leo
Mimosa plant Mimosa pudica

Chapter summary

1. Classification is the grouping of organisms based on their similarities and
differences.

2. Classification is important because:
(a) It makes it easier to identify and study the millions of organisms in the
world.
(b) Each organism (species) is referred to by the same name all over the
world.
(c) It is easier to study organisms when they are in groups.
(d) It enables scientists to make predictions of information.
3. There are two main system of classification systems:
(a) Artificial system of classification is based on few observable features
of organisms.
(b) Natural system of classification is based on many features in common
particularly those related to evolutionary relationship.

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