Page 72 - Geography for Secondary Schools Student’s Book Form One

Geography for Secondary Schools
Student’s Book Form One

11. Improving soil fertility: When increase in the frequency and severity of
vegetation dies and decomposes, it extreme weather and climate events, such
adds organic matter to the soil hence as strong winds, floods, and droughts. These
improving the soil fertility. Organic events cause reduction of carbon sink,
matter also improves the soil structure, and affect socio-economic and biological
soil texture, water retention capacity wellbeing of people.
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and increases soil nutrients. This is
crucial for agricultural productivity Currently, Tanzania in particular, climate
and in preventing landslides and other change is responsible for more than
natural disasters. 70% of all natural catastrophes, which
12. Source of fuel: Currently many are connected to persistent droughts and
floods. In response to this however, various
communities use fuel wood as a source measures can help reduce carbon dioxide
of energy. The use of firewood and through encouraging forest conservation,
charcoal contributes to degradation tree planting, the use of energy saving
of vegetation. Efforts are being stoves, conservation agriculture, and the
made to help communities to use use of renewable energy in industries.
environmental friendly energy sources
like electricity, natural gas and solar
energy. Also, there are efforts being Exercise 4.5
made to encourage the use of fuel
efficient stoves that use small amount 1. Explain the role of water bodies in
of wood fuel. the distribution of vegetation zones
13. Source of building materials: Vegetation in Tanzania
provides thatching materials and building
poles for houses. Also, vegetation is a 2. Explain how topography and climate
source of timber for construction and in Tanzania give rise to different
other uses. vegetation zones
Despite the importance of vegetation to 3. Why do we have different economic
human life and the environment, humans activities related to vegetation in
still contribute in degrading the environment different parts of Tanzania?
and ultimately contributing to climate 4. What economic activities related to
change. For instance, human activities
affect vegetation hence contributing to vegetation zones can be conducted in
climate change. Such activities include places like Lushoto, and the Southern
deforestation, poor agricultural practices, highlands in Tanzania?
production of charcoal and unsustainable 5. What would have happened if Tanzania
timber harvesting. Other human activities did not have the vegetation covers
that cause climate change include inadequate found in Serengeti, Ngorongoro,
alternative sources of energy for cooking
and lighting, poor industrial and mining Manyara, and Mikumi national parks?
practices. These activities result into rising 6. Why is vegetation important to human
temperatures, decreased precipitation, and kind?

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