Page 122 - Agriculture Form Two

Agriculture for Secondary Schools

stages (piglets, growers, fatteners/finishers, adults, breeding boars, and lactating
sows).

A proper house for pigs should have the following features:

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(a) Ability to protect pigs: A house for pig should be well constructed using
durable materials to protect the animals from adverse weather conditions
(rain, sun,wind) and protect them from theft and predators.

(b) Adequate space: To allow pigs to move freely and access feed and water
without crowding. It should have a separate area (pens) for different stages
of growth.
(c) Well-ventilated: To ensure a continuous supply of fresh air and remove
excess heat, moisture, and harmful gases (e.g., ammonia).

(d) Facilitate easy cleanliness and hygiene: The floors, walls, and equipment
should be easy to clean and disinfect to maintain high hygiene standards.

(e) Adequate lighting: Natural light through windows or skylights to support
pigs’ circadian rhythms. Alternatively, artificial lighting can be supplemented
to ensure the proper light levels, especially in darker environments.

(f) Feed systems should be designed to minimise feed wastage and ensure all
pigs have access to feed.
(g) Bedding and comfort: Use bedding materials (e.g., straw, sawdust) to provide
comfort, absorb moisture, and reduce stress. Proper insulation and bedding
help pigs regulate body temperature and stay warm.

(h) Biosecurity measures: Access to the piggery should be restricted to prevent
disease introduction. Footbaths, hand sanitizers, and disinfection points
should be available to maintain cleanliness.

(i) Emergency preparedness: Fire alarms and safety equipment should be
installed to manage fire risks. Clear emergency plans, including those for
health crises, natural disasters, and power outages, should be installed on
the walls.

(j) Efficiency and sustainability: Use resources (feed, water, energy) efficiently
to reduce costs and environmental impact. Implement waste recycling or
composting systems to utilise manure and minimise ecological impact.

114 Student’s Book Form Two

04/10/2024 18:07
Agriculture form 2.indd 114
Agriculture form 2.indd 114 04/10/2024 18:07