Page 80 - Agriculture Form Two

Agriculture for Secondary Schools

Choosing a site for round potato production
The crop grows in well-drained, loamy soils rich in organic matter and requires
an annual rainfall of 800 -1750 mm. In Tanzania, round potatoes grow well at
altitudes ranging from 1200 to 2700 m above sea level. The optimal temperature
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
for growing round potatoes is 15 - 20 ºC and soil pH ranges from 5.5 to 7.0.
In soils with a pH value less than 5.0, limestone should be applied at 1 ton per
hectare to improve round potato production.

Activity 5.2

Through the library, internet searches, and other learning resources:

1. Find out information concerning the agroecological conditions of major
areas where round potato are produced in Tanzania;

2. Assess the environmental conditions of your location and determine its
suitability for the production of round potato; then,
3. Summarise your observations in your portifolio.

Land preparation

The field for round potatoes should be cleaned well. After clearing, the next step
is tilling; this helps to mix the soil, reduce weeds, improve water infiltration and
soil aeration, and mix the remains of the previous season’s crops with the soil.
Till the soil to a 30-45 cm depth to create a fine seedbed. Avoid burning residues
in the field to protect the environment and the organisms contributing to soil
fertility. Round potatoes have a higher demand for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P),
and potassium (K) than for other plant nutrients. Improve the soil structure by
adding organic matter or compost. In areas where manure is available, 25 tons
of well-rotted manure per hectare will improve the production of round potatoes
and other crops that will follow in the cropping cycle. It is essential to apply
fertilisers based on the soil test results of a given field.

Selection of planting materials

Choose round potato varieties suited to local conditions, market demand, and the
intended use, such as processing or fresh market. Purchase certified seed potatoes
from reputable dealers to maximise round potato production by minimising the
risk of introducing diseases. The improved varieties registered by the Tanzania

72 Student’s Book Form Two

04/10/2024 18:07
Agriculture form 2.indd 72 04/10/2024 18:07
Agriculture form 2.indd 72