Page 156 - Biology Form Two

Biology for Secondary Schools

Signs and symptoms of lung cancer vaccine is given to children to prevent
(i) Chest pain tuberculosis. It can also be prevented
(ii) Breathing difficulty by adhering to hygienic rules such
(iii) Weight loss as washing hands after coughing or
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(iv) Persistent cough sneezing and covering the mouth when
coughing or sneezing. It can also be
(v) Abnormal production of mucus prevented by isolation.

Prevention and control of lung cancer Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID - 19)
(i) Stop smoking
This is a pandemic disease, which
(ii) Maintain a healthy lifestyle, for normally affects the upper respiratory
example by eating a balanced diet tract (sinuses, nose and throat) or lower
and exercising. respiratory tract (windpipe and lungs).

Tuberculosis Causes
Tuberculosis is a disease, which mainly COVID – 19 is caused by an infection
affects the lungs. It can also affect other with the severe acute respiratory
parts of the body such as the spine. syndrome coronavirus 2, also called
Tuberculosis is caused by a bacteria SARS - CoV - 2. It started spreading at
called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It the end of 2019 and became a pandemic
is spread by inhaling droplets from the in 2020.
coughs or sneezes of an infected person.
How it spreads
Signs and symptoms of tuberculosis SARS - CoV - 2 spreads from one person
(i) Persistent cough for more than to another through close communities.
three weeks When people with COVID - 19 breath
(ii) Chest pain out or cough, they expel tiny droplets

(iii) Night sweats that contain the virus. These droplets
can enter the mouth or nose of someone
(iv) Coughing blood
without the virus, causing an infection
(v) Loss of appetite to occur.

(vi) Loss of weight Signs and symptoms of COVID-19

(vii) Fatigue (extreme tiredness) Signs and symptoms of COVID-19
include the following:

Prevention and control of tuberculosis (i) fever;
Tuberculosis is prevented by vaccination. (ii) coughing;
The Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) (iii) difficulty in breathing;

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