Page 362 - Biology_F5

Glossary

Glossary

Acoelomate An animal that does not Bacteriochlorophyll Modified chlorophyll
possess a body cavity that serves as the primary light-
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) A complex trapping pigment in purple and green
organic chemical that provides energy sulphur bacteria
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to drive many processes in living cells Bisexual flower A flower with both male
Akaryotes/Acaryotes A cell without nucleus and female reproductive structures
like viruses. Red blood cells are also Bronchus Passage or airway in the
classified as akaryotes because they respiratory system that conducts air
lack nucleus after they have developed into the lungs
Alternation of generation Type of life cycle Browsing A type of herbivory in which an
found in terrestrial plants and some animal feeds on leaves, soft shoots or
algae in which subsequent generations fruits; generally woody plants such as
of individuals alternate between shrubs. Such animals are known as
haploid and diploid organisms, or the browsers. Examples include; giraffe
occurrence in the plant life cycle of and goat
both a multicellular diploid organism Bundle sheath cells A layer of cells in plant
and a multicellular haploid organism, leaves and stems that forms a sheath
each giving rise to the other. surrounding the vascular bundle. In
Ammonotelic organisms An animal that C plants, it contains chloroplasts and
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excretes ammonia as the primary waste are the site for Calvin cycles.
material. Examples of ammonotelic Caecilians A group of limbless tropical
organisms include protozoans, amphibians that look like large worms
crustaceans, platyhelminths, cnidarians, or silk snakes. It becomes difficult to
fishes, and tadpoles of amphibians. differentiate between the head and

Anaesthetise Administering a chemical or the tail.
drug to an animal so as to make an Carboxylation Chemical reaction in which
animal unconscious for operation or a carboxylic acid group is produced by
dissection purposes treating a substrate with carbondioxide
Antheridium Male sex organ of algae, Carotenoid Plant pigment responsible for
fungi, bryophytes, and spore-bearing bright red, yellow and orange hues
vascular plants, such as ferns, which in many fruits and vegetables. They
produces antherozoids also help chlorophyll from the photo
Archegonium The egg-producing organ damage during photosynthesis.
occurring in bryophytes (such as Cladistic/Phylogenetics An approach to
mosses and liverworts), ferns, and biological classfication in which
most gymnosperms. The archegonium organisms are categorised in groups
is a multicellular, often flask-shaped based on the most recent common
structure that contains a single egg. ancestry shared traits

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