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Connectionless-oriented transport connection prior to sending the message.
Just like TCP, the User Datagram Protocol Consequently, UDP does not ensure the
Protocol (UDP) is a core communication delivery of data packets to the recipient. It
protocol of the Internet protocol suite. is often referred to as the “fire-and-forget” Chapter Three: Advanced Computer Networks
It is used for transmitting and receiving protocol due to its nature of sending data
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messages (datagrams). However, unlike without concern for its reception. Table
TCP, UDP operates as a connectionless 3.7 illustrates the differences between
protocol, negating the need to establish a TCP and UDP.

Table 3.7: Difference between TCP and UDP
No. Feature TCP UDP
1. Connection Connection-oriented Connectionless
2. Delivery Guaranteed delivery of No guarantee of delivery of
packets packets
3. Reliability Reliable data transmission Unreliable data transmission
4. Order Preserves order of packets Order of packets not preserved
5. Overhead Higher overhead due to Lower overhead without
connection setup connection setup
6. Speed Generally slower due to Generally faster due to no
connection setup connection setup
7. Header size Larger header size Smaller header size
8. Acknowledgement Uses acknowledgements for No acknowledgements for data
data delivery delivery
9. Flow control Implements flow control No built-in flow control
mechanism mechanism
10. Error checking Provides error checking No built-in error-checking
using checksums mechanism
11. Application Suitable for applications Suitable for applications
requiring reliable and requiring fast and efficient data
ordered data transmission transmission

Activity 3.8:
Exploring the Transport layer

Aim:
To understand the functions of the Transport layer, including the roles of TCP and
UDP, and mechanisms for flow control and congestion avoidance.
Materials Required:
Internet access; Computer or laptop; Web browser; Text editor or word processing
software; Diagramming tools (Such as Lucidchart, Microsoft Visio)

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Student’s Book Form Five

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