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Computer Science 3. Imagine you are designing a Abstraction
(OOP), how might polymorphism
Abstraction in Object-Oriented
be used with this scenario?
Programming (OOP) helps you manage
complexity by focusing on what an object
simple video game. How would
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
you use classes and objects to
like driving a car: you only need to know
represent different elements of the does, rather than how it does it. Think of it
game, such as characters, items, how to drive, not how the engine works.
and environments? How might Abstraction lets you use objects as “black
inheritance and polymorphism boxes” that do specific tasks, without
come into play in this scenario? worrying about their inner workings.
4. Consider a superclass “Shape” with
a method “getArea()”. Subclasses (a) Abstraction in the real world
like “Square” and “Circle” inherit Making coffee with a coffee machine is
this method. Which type of a good example of abstraction.
polymorphism is at play when the
appropriate “getArea()” method is You need to know how to use your
chosen based on the object’s class coffee machine to make coffee. You
at runtime? need to provide water and coffee beans,
5. You have a function switch it on and select the kind of coffee
“greetAnimal(animal)” in your you want to get.
code. This function can accept
objects of various animal classes
(Dog, Cat, etc.). How might The thing you do not need to know is how
polymorphism be beneficial in this the coffee machine is working internally
scenario? to brew a fresh cup of delicious coffee.
6. Imagine a class hierarchy for You do not need to know the ideal
vehicles (Car, Truck, Bike). temperature of the water or the amount
How could polymorphism of ground coffee you need to use.
be used to create a function
“moveAllVehicles(vehicles)” that The manufacturer of a machine resolved
works with all vehicle types? issues of temperature and quantity, so,
7. Polymorphism is often associated created a coffee machine that now acts as
with inheritance. Can polymorphism an abstraction and hides all these details.
exist without inheritance? Explain You just interact with a simple interface
your answer. that does not require any knowledge
8. In the real world, provide an about the internal implementation. You
example of something that exhibits can use the same concept in any Object-
a similar concept to polymorphism. Oriented Programming languages.
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for Advanced Secondary Schools
Computer Science Form 5.indd 220 23/07/2024 12:33
