Page 406 - Computer_Science_F5

Modules in Python (b) Creating and using custom modules:
Modules are files that contain Python You can create your own modules
code and define functions, classes, and by writing Python code in a separate
variables. They enable code organisation .py file. To use functions or classes Chapter Six: Object oriented programming with Python
into reusable components and help defined in a custom module, you
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
manage namespaces. Python includes a import the module into your script.
standard library with modules like math, Once imported, you can access the
random, and datetime that offer various functions and variables using dot
functionalities. The following are some notation (module_name.function_
important points about module: name).
(a) Importing modules: To use functions (c) Built-in functions: Python provides
or variables from a module, you a set of built-in functions that are
import it into your Python script. You available without the need to import
can import an entire module using the any modules. These functions cover
“import” statement followed by the a wide range of functionalities,
module name. Alternatively, you can including mathematical operations,
import specific functions or variables string manipulation, type conversion,
using the “from” keyword. and more.

Using modules: You can use modules depending on the context or situations you
want.
(a) You can use the random module to generate a random number between a specified
range where you can import the random module and employ the random.randint()
function to create a random integer falling within the specified start and end
values. Subsequently, the outcome is stored in the variable random_number and
showcased through console printing. For example,
import random

start = 1
end = 10
random_number = random.randint(start, end)
print(“Random number between”, start, “and”, end, “is:”, random_number)
(b) You can use the datetime module to display the current date and time. Where
you can import the datetime module and utilize the datetime.datetime.now()
function to fetch the present date and time. The outcome is then captured in the
variable current_datetime and exhibited through console printing. For example,
import datetime

current_datetime = datetime.datetime.now()
print(“Current Date and Time:”, current_datetime)

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Student’s Book Form Five

Computer Science Form 5.indd 397 23/07/2024 12:34