Page 410 - Computer_Science_F5

(a) Class attributes and methods object creation. Constructor parameters
Attributes are variables associated with are used to initialise instance attributes
the class or its instances, storing data with specific values.
related to the class. Methods are functions (c) Instance and class methods: Chapter Six: Object oriented programming with Python
defined within a class, performing actions
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
or providing functionality associated with Instance methods are defined with the
the class. Instance attributes are specific “self” parameter and operate on individual
to each object, while class attributes are object instances. Class methods are
shared among all instances. defined with the @classmethod decorator
and operate on the class itself rather than
(b) Constructor method (init) instances.

The init method is a special method
called when an object is created. It The following program example 6.2
initializes the object›s attributes and demonstrate how a class and object are
performs any necessary setup during created.

Program Example 6.2:
Program codes to demonstrate creating class and object

class Dog:
# Class attribute
species = “Canine”
# Constructor method
def __init__(self, name, age):
self.name = name # Instance attribute
self.age = age
# Instance method
def description(self):
return f”{self.name} is {self.age} years old”
# Class method
@classmethod
def bark(cls):
return “Woof!”
# Creating objects of the Dog class
dog1 = Dog(“Buddy”, 3)
dog2 = Dog(“Max”, 5)

# Accessing object attributes and methods
print(dog1.description()) # Output: Buddy is 3 years old
print(dog2.description()) # Output: Max is 5 years old
print(Dog.bark()) # Output: Woof!

401
Student’s Book Form Five

Computer Science Form 5.indd 401 23/07/2024 12:34