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Introduction to Physics
An example of such an observation would scenario may be variations in the
be ‘What is the relationship between the starting angle, air resistance, or
length of the string to which the pendulum inaccuracies in the timing method.
bob is attached and the time taken by the
pendulum to complete a given number of 2. Formulating a testable hypothesis
oscillations? The following examples will
help you to build competence on how to A hypothesis is a scientifi c assumption
identify a problem. or prediction of the outcome. It is a
suggestion of the answer to the question
Example 1.1 asked. To formulate a testable hypothesis
in physics, we must make observations
When a ball is released from the top
of a ramp, it rolls down to the bottom. on a variety of events. For example, the
After several trials, you notice that length of the string to which the pendulum
the ball always stops at almost the bob is attached affects the time taken by
same point. How can you identify the a pendulum to complete a given number
problem in this scenario? of oscillations. The following examples
may help you to formulate a testable
Answer: hypothesis.
The problem in this scenario is to Example 1.3
explain why the ball consistently stops
at almost the same point on the ramp You notice that when you rub a
during each trial. This issue could be balloon against your hair, it becomes
related to factors such as friction, air negatively charged, and you can make
resistance, or the ramp’s incline. small pieces of paper stick to it. What
testable hypothesis can you formulate
Example 1.2 to explain this phenomenon?
A student conducts an experiment to Answer:
measure the time taken for a pendulum Hypothesis; If the balloon is rubbed
to complete ten oscillations. However, against the hair, it will become
the results are inconsistent as the charged and hence attract lightweight
measured time varies signifi cantly objects, like small pieces of paper,
between trials. What problem can be due to static electricity.
identifi ed in this experiment?
Example 1.4
Answer:
The problem in this experiment During a solar eclipse, you observe
is to identify the factors causing that the temperature drops noticeably.
the inconsistency in the time Formulate a testable hypothesis to
measurements for the ten oscillations investigate this temperature change
of pendulum. Key issues in this phenomenon.
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Physics Form 1 Final.indd 13 16/10/2024 20:55
