Page 134 - Biology_Form_3

Regulation
health, and recognizing early symptoms
can prevent complications.
Exercise 5.5
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
1. (a) Identify the two hormones
responsible for regulating blood
sugar levels and explain the roles
of each.
(b) Explain how two hormones in 1
(a) above interact in a negative
feedback mechanism to maintain
glucose homeostasis.
2. (a) Why is insulin considered an
anabolic hormone?
(b) How does insulin promote glucose
uptake in muscle and adipose
tissues?
3. Explain the physiological effects of
hypoglycemia in human body.
4. Differentiate between diabetes
mellitus and diabetes insipidus in
terms of their causes, symptoms, and
primary effects on the body.
5. (a)Explain how prolonged
hyperglycemia can lead to
complications in the nervous and
cardiovascular systems.
(b) Suggest three preventive measures
for hyperglycemia and justify how
each contributes to maintaining
normal blood glucose level.
6. Evaluate the role of diet and lifestyle
in preventing and managing diabetes
mellitus.
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BIOLOGY FORM 3 FINAL EDITED 16.09.2025.indd 127
BIOLOGY FORM 3 FINAL EDITED 16.09.2025.indd 127 KAMISHNA
KAMISHNA
Chapter Summary
1. Regulation is a biological process that
maintains a stable internal environment
despite changes in external conditions.
It involves constant monitoring of
body systems to detect changes and
initiate appropriate responses. The
main types of regulation include
thermoregulation, osmoregulation,
and blood sugar regulation.
2. Homeostasis is the process by
which living organisms maintain
stable internal conditions necessary
for survival. It involves regulatory
mechanisms that control factors such
as body temperature, water balance,
and chemical composition. The
nervous and hormonal systems play a
crucial role in maintaining homeostasis
through feedback mechanisms.
3. Regulation is essential for the survival
of organisms as it ensures optimal
conditions for cellular activities. It
helps in eliminating excess substances
such as salts and water, preventing
damage to body cells. Excess glucose,
for instance, is converted into
glycogen or stored as fat for future
energy source of the body.
4. Homeostatic mechanisms rely on three
key components: receptors, control
centers, and effectors. Receptors
detect changes in the internal or
external environment and send signals
to the control center. The control
center processes the information and
signals the appropriate effector organs
to restore balance.
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