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Business Studies for Secondary Schools

Marketing plan: This entails logical chart of how these processes sequentially
planning for all marketing issues, focusing build on each other, from the point where
on increasing the number of customers inputs are received to the point where
(customer base). To achieve this, the final products are packaged and ready for
marketing plan may include marketing marketing.
strategies in the form of product features,
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pricing, promotion, and distribution. For Management and organisation plan: This
marketing to achieve its objective through part outlines how human resources will
product strategies, the features of the be coordinated in the business. It provides
product, such as size, labelling, colour, an introduction to management with
packaging, and ingredients, have to be a summary of their skills and primary
well explained depending on the needs of job responsibilities. Information mostly
the customers. The pricing strategies also included in this section includes the
need to be well-explained. Moreover, organisation structure, top management,
distribution strategies, which focus on
bridging the gap between production staffing requirements, and all matters
and consumption points, need to be well related to employees’ welfare.
described. Finally, promotion activities Financial plan: This part establishes the
that will be used to raise awareness of total capital required to start and run the
the products to the targeted audience/ business and the corresponding sources. It
potential customers and their respective also presents projections of the expected
costs should be well explained. After that, amount of money that the business will
sales estimates should be made for all the spend and the amount that will be earned
years that the plan covers as well as the for a specific period. It summarises the
marketing strategies needed to achieve financial outcomes of activities carried
them. out in the business for the whole period of
Operations plan: This part involves the business plan. It logically presents the
consideration of how production will be projected income statement covering all
executed. It shows the key operational the years for which the business plan is
activities that have to be undertaken to covering. Likewise, projected statements
produce the proposed goods or deliver of cash flows and statements of financial
the proposed services. Some of the position are made.
operational activities include: the choice
of an appropriate location for setting Appendices: The appendices present all
other attachments that add value to the
up the business, working premises and reader of the business plan but could not
facilities, infrastructure needed, plant and fit in the above sections. For example, it
machinery needed, as well as the various may include pictures, the design of the
types of inputs. Others include how to
maintain quality standards and adhere to product, proposed advertisements, and
the curriculum vitae of personnel. Figure
business regulations. Where appropriate, 4.3 presents a summary of the logical
it is helpful to provide a detailed flow
flow of components of a business plan.

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