Page 43 - Chemistry_Form_2

Chemistry
for Secondary Schools

The Group I elements have the following properties:
Physical properties

(a) They are good conductors of heat and electricity.
(b) They are soft metals.
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(c) They have low density.
(d) They have shiny surfaces when freshly cut.

Chemical properties

(a) They burn in oxygen or air with a characteristic flame colour to form white
solid oxides. These oxides dissolve in water to form alkaline solutions of
the metal hydroxides.

(b) They react vigorously with water to give alkaline solutions and hydrogen gas.

Task 2.6

Utilise educational resources to explore the practical applications of Group I
elements such as lithium in batteries or sodium in table salt. Prepare a poster
or presentation linking their physical and chemical properties (for example,
reactivity and conductivity) to everyday uses.

Activity 2.1

Aim: To investigate the reactivity of Group I elements (alkali metals) down the
group

Requirements: Small pieces (equivalent to the head of a matchstick) of lithium
(Li), sodium (Na), and potassium (K), three beakers, water,
phenolphthalein or universal indicator, forceps or tongs, watch
glass, dropper, safety goggles and gloves

Caution: Handle Group I elements cautiously by using small quantities, wearing
protective gear, working in a controlled environment, avoiding direct
contact, and keeping a fire extinguisher nearby to prevent accidents
during their vigorous reactions with water.

36 Student’s Book Form Two

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CHEMISTRY FORM TWO NEW 2025 DUMMY.indd 36 01/08/2025 11:20:53