Page 8 - Chemistry_Form_2

Chemistry
for Secondary Schools
Chapter

One Atomic structure

FOR ONLINE READING ONLY

Introduction
Substances are made up of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are the smallest
particles of matter that carry an element’s properties. In this chapter, you will
learn about the concept of atomic structure and the determination of the atomic
number and mass number of an element. The competencies developed will enable
you to analyse the composition, behaviour, and properties of different chemical
substances, enhancing your understanding of their interactions and applications
in real-life situations.

Think

Atomic structure in the foundation of modern life

Concept of atomic structure

Task 1.1

Use an interactive simulation, video, or any other reliable resource to visualise
the structure of an atom and examine its sub-atomic particles.

Atoms are fundamental units that make up all matter, forming everything in the
surroundings, including the air, materials, and objects used daily. Understanding
atomic structure helps scientists predict the behaviour of substances and design
new materials and cleaner energy. For example, understanding the behaviour
of atoms helps in food preservation, water purification, making batteries and
medicines. This leads to technological and scientific developments that shape the
world.

An atom is composed of smaller particles called sub-atomic particles. These
include protons, neutrons, and electrons. The arrangement of these particles
within an atom is referred to as the atomic structure. The structures of atoms
are understood through the atomic theory, which has been developed over time
through experiments and scientific discoveries.

Student’s Book Form Two 1

01/08/2025 11:20:49
CHEMISTRY FORM TWO NEW 2025 DUMMY.indd 1 01/08/2025 11:20:49
CHEMISTRY FORM TWO NEW 2025 DUMMY.indd 1