Page 174 - Computer_Science_F5

3. Segments are correctly reordered typically involves a call setup or a three-
upon arrival. way handshake. Once the connection is
4. Data flow is regulated to prevent established, data is transmitted between Chapter Three: Advanced Computer Networks
congestion and data loss. the devices. After the transmission is
complete, the connection is terminated,
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
effectively dismantling the virtual
Virtual circuit setup: In the context circuit. Maintaining data integrity
of reliable transport operations, a through flow control and reliable data
device initiates a connection-oriented transport ensures the smooth and error-
communication with a remote device free exchange of information between
by establishing a session. This process systems. Figure 3.19.

Sender Receive

Synchronise

Negotiate connection

Synchronise

Acknowledge

Connection established

Data transfer
(send segments)
Figure 3.20: Establishing a connection-oriented session

In a connection-oriented session, communication is initiated through a process
known as the three-way handshake. This handshake involves the following steps:
1. The first segment, called the “connection agreement,” is sent to request
synchronisation.
2. The second and third segments establish acknowledgment and connection
parameters between the hosts.
3. The synchronisation of the receiver’s sequencing is also requested to establish
a bidirectional connection.
4. The final segment serves as an acknowledgment, confirming the acceptance of
the connection agreement and the establishment of the actual connection.

165
Student’s Book Form Five

Computer Science Form 5.indd 165 23/07/2024 12:33