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6. Describe the maintenance and logical structure. The model determines
administration requirements of a relationships and how data can be stored,
file-based system versus a DBMS. organised, altered, and accessed. You
Which system requires more can handle your business data using one
ongoing management and why? of four database models: hierarchical,
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
network, object-oriented, relational, Flat Chapter Eight: Databases and Database Management Systems
file, and Entity-Relationship database
Database models and Design models.

Database models (a) Hierarchical database model
A database model serves as a framework A hierarchical database model is a data
that outlines the logical structure of model that organises data into a tree-like
a database, influencing the storage, structure with a single root to which all
organisation, and manipulation of data. other data is related. The information
It significantly affects the efficiency and is kept in the form of records that are
functionality of data-driven applications linked together. This model begins with
and systems. Database models are the root data and grows in a tree-like
essential in both the development and fashion, adding child nodes to parent
operation of databases. Among them, nodes, with each child node having
the relational model stands out as the only one parent node. This model may
most prevalent, employing a table-based effectively express various real-world
format, although various other models relationships, such as a book’s index
are also discussed here. and recipes. This model also has a one-
to-many link between two categories

Types of database models of data. For example, one department
A database model is a form of the can have many courses, teachers, and
data model that defines a database’s students, as shown in Figure 8.2.

College

Department Infrastructure

Course Teacher Students

Theory Practical

Figure 8.2: Example of a structure illustrating the use of the hierarchical database model

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Student’s Book Form Five

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