Page 137 - Agriculture_Form_3

Agriculture for Secondary Schools

the growth of the crop. However, in drier areas or during extended dry spells,
supplementary irrigation may be necessary. Water should reach the root zone
without causing flooding. A stick or finger can be used to check moisture in the
soil. Dry, cracked soil and drooping leaves are signs of water shortage. Early
watering prevents loss in yield and keeps plants healthy.
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Though pigeon peas fix nitrogen through their roots, they still need other
nutrients to grow well. Phosphorus and potassium are especially important for
root development and flowering. Application of compost, farmyard manure,
or plant remains during land preparation and at flowering is recommended. In
poor soils, small amounts of compound fertiliser may be used. Yellowing of
leaves may indicate a nitrogen deficiencies, while poor flowering may indicate
low phosphorus. Observation and simple tests can help identify problems early.
Timely nutrient management improves plant growth and helps the crop attain full
yield potential.

Activity 8.5
Under the guidance of your teacher, visit your pigeon pea plot and carry out the
following tasks:

1. Manage soil water by doing the tasks below:

(a) Use a stick, finger, or metal rod to check soil moisture around the plant
roots.
(b) Identify dry areas by looking for cracks in the soil or wilted leaves.

(c) Water the crop at intervals of two days if the soil is dry, especially during
flowering and pod development.

(d) Observe changes in plant health after watering.

2. Manage soil nutrients as follows:
(a) Check for symptoms of nutrient deficiency, such as yellow leaves or poor
flowering.

(b) Apply readily available organic or inorganic fertiliser to improve soil
fertility in weak areas.

(c) Record any differences in plant growth before and after applying fertiliser.

(d) Summarise the activities done, your observations, and a lesson learnt in
your portfolio.

128 Student’s Book Form Three

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