Page 277 - Agriculture_Form_Three

Agriculture for Secondary Schools

resources and effective use of the resources. The selected species should suit these
conditions in order for the farming enterprise to be profitable and sustainable. Fish
cultured in Tanzania include tilapia, catfish, black bass, tench and blue gill. Of these
fish cultured in Tanzania, tilapia and catfish are more preferred to the rest of other
species. Figures 12.3 (a) to (d) show some of these fish.

Figure 12.3 (a): Tilapia Figure 12.3 (b): Catfish

Figure 12.3 (c): Black bass Figure 12.3 (d): Tench fish

Fish farming in earthen pond

When constructing an earth fish pond, there are several features that must be
included. The constructed ponds should have three major parts: inlet, outlet, and

spillway. Pond inlet is a canal or pipe that brings water into the pond. It is made in
dyke slightly above the level of the pond water. A screen of mesh is fixed to prevent
entrance of undesirable species. Pond outlet is made at the lower side of the pond
just a little above the pond bottom. A pipe is connected to make the outlet firm. A
mesh is fixed at the mouth of the pipe in order to prevent fish from escaping from the
fish pond. Pond outlet is used in draining the pond. Pond spillway is a channel that
allows removal of excess water from the pond. It prevents water from overflowing
on the pond dykes. Pond spillway is also termed as overflow channel. Figure 12.4
shows the parts of earth pond.

Student’s Book Form Three
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