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Glossary

Nervous system Network of neurones that transmits signals and
coordinates actions
Neurone Nerve cell that sends and receives electrical
signals over long distances within the body
Oculomotor Cranial nerve III, a sensory nerve linking the
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brain and the eyes
Oedema Swelling due to water retention or increased
tissue fluid

Osmoregulation Active regulation of the osmotic pressure of
body fluids so they do not become excessively
diluted or concentrated

Outer ear The visible part of the ear, mades up of cartilage
and muscles
Oxytocin Hormone released by the posterior pituitary
gland, involved in childbirth, milk ejection,
and social bonding
Pancreas Gland with both endocrine and exocrine
functions; it regulates blood sugar by producing
insulin and glucagon
Papillae Hair-like sensory cells in the upper lining of
the tongue

Photoreceptor Receptor that is sensitive to light
Physiological regulation When an organism changes in physiology to
maintain homeostasis
Pituitary Gland Gland which produces hormones that regulate
growth, metabolism, and other endocrine
glands
Pollination Transfer of pollen grains from the male to the
female part of a flower
Pupil Central portion of the eye responsible for
controlling the amount of light entering the
eye

Receptor Organ or cell that responds to an external
stimulus and transmits signals to a sensory
nerve

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