Page 143 - Biology_Form_3

Biology for Secondary Schools

Erector muscles Muscles that raise the hairs in the skin
Estrogen Female sex hormone primarily produced in
the ovaries, essential for reproductive health
and secondary sexual characteristics
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Ethylene Plant hormone involved in fruit ripening and
leaf abscission

Eustachian tube Tube connecting the middle ear and the throat
Exocrine glands Glands that produce secretions that pass through
ducts into another part of the body

External auditory Narrow canal leading off from the tympanum
to the pinna

Fenestra ovalis Oval window in the middle ear
Filtration Separation of large and small molecules; in
the kidney this takes place in the glomeruli of
nephrones

Forebrain The anterior part of the brain
Fovea centralis The most sensitive part of the retina, directly
opposite to the lens
Geotropism Growth movement of plants in response to
gravity

Gibberellins Plant hormones that stimulate stem elongation,
seed germination, and flowering
Gigantism Disorder in children caused by excessive
growth hormone production before the closure
of growth plates, resulting in abnormal height
and bone growth
Glomerulonephritis Form of nephritis characterised by inflammation
of the renal glomeruli

Glomerulus Bundle of blood capillaries in the cortex of the
kidney, involved in filtration of blood

Glucagon Hormone produced by the pancreas that raises
blood sugar levels by stimulating the release
of glucose from the liver thus opposing the
action of insulin

136 Student’s Book - Form Three

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BIOLOGY FORM 3 FINAL EDITED 16.09.2025.indd 136
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