Page 142 - Biology_Form_3

Glossary

Dermis Skin layer below the epidermis
Diabetes mellitus Chronic disorder caused by insufficient insulin
production or action, leading to high blood
sugar levels and associated complications
Diffusion Passive movement of molecules from an area
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of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration
Distal convoluted tubule Tubule situated at the end of ascending limb
of the loop of Henle in the kidney
DNA Molecule that carries genetic information in
all living organisms

Drug Any substance natural or synthetic that alters
the way the body works

Dwarfism Condition caused by growth hormone deficiency
or genetic factors, leading to short stature and
proportionate or disproportionate body growth
Ear ossicles Bones connected to the tympanic chamber:
the malleus, incus and stapes, associated with
transmission of sound to the inner ear
Ectothermic Having a body temperature that varies with
the external environment
Effector Gland or organ capable of responding to a
stimulus, especially a nerve impulse
Effector muscle Muscle that responds to nervous system signals

Endocrine glands Glands that produce hormones and secrete
them directly into the bloodstream
Endocrine system Network of ductless glands that release hormones
directly into the bloodstream to regulate body
functions such as metabolism, growth, and
reproduction
Endolymph Fluid filling the cochlea
Endotherm Organism that generates or releases heat to
maintain its body temperature, homoiotherm
Enzyme Biological catalyst that speeds up chemical
reactions in living organisms

Epidermis The outermost layer of skin

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