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Endocrine system
3. The major centres for linking the two
Exercise 3.2
systems are the pituitary gland which is
1. Describe functions of the hormones the control centre for endocrine glands
secreted by the posterior lobe of the and the hypothalamus which is the
pituitary gland. control centre for the nervous system.
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The pituitary gland is divided into
2. Explain the interaction between two distinct regions called the anterior
aldosterone and insulin in ensuring and posterior lobes. The anterior lobe
blood sugar balance is enhanced. secretes various hormones under the
3. Support the statement with concrete influence of the hypothalamus and
reasons, “Diabetes insipidus and secrets trophic hormones, growth
diabetes mellitus are both hormonal hormones and prolactin hormone.
disorders though controlled by 4. Disorders of the endocrine system
different hormones”. can have significant impacts on
4. In the hormonal system, stress overall health, but early diagnosis
management is not optional. Explain. and appropriate treatment can
often mitigate the severity of these
conditions. Preventive measures
Chapter Summary such as a balanced diet, regular
1. The endocrine system is the system physical activity, stress management,
that is composed of a series of glands and routine health check-ups are
called endocrine glands which are essential for maintaining endocrine
ductless thus secretions pass directly health. Additionally, understanding
into the bloodstream and are carried to the causes, symptoms, and potential
different parts of the body. The glands effects of common endocrine disorders
secrete chemical substances called enables individuals to make informed
hormone. A hormone is a chemical decisions regarding their health and
substance that is produced in one part well-being.
of the body but has an effect in another
part. Revision exercise 3
Choose the most correct answer
2. The process of coordination in an 1. What is the primary mechanism
organism is achieved by the two by which the endocrine system
systems acting together. Both nervous communicates with other parts of
system and endocrine system control the body?
various physiological activities in
organisms through coordination. The (a) Through electrical signals.
endocrine system plays a crucial role (b) Through chemical signals.
in regulating various physiological (c) Through direct physical contact.
functions through hormone production. (d) Through the nervous system.
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BIOLOGY FORM 3 FINAL EDITED 16.09.2025.indd 77
KAMISHNA
