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Sequences and series

Chapter Four

Sequences and series
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Introduction
In daily life, events and situations often occur in a coordinated manner, where
one event leads to another. In Mathematics, the occurrence of such patterns
is referred to as sequences and series. In this chapter, you will learn the
concepts of sequences and series, identify Arithmetic Progression (AP) and
Geometric Progression (GP). Also, you will learn how to find the general
term of an AP and GP, derive formulae for the sum of AP and GP, calculate
arithmetic mean, geometric mean, and compound interest using formulae.
The competencies developed will help you in determining compound interests,
predicting population growth or decay, estimating the age of living and
non-living things, predicting events which occur at different times, and many
other applications.

Think
Mathematics, science, technology, and financial institutions without
the concept of sequences and series.

Sequences 1. Use matchsticks to make shapes
Mathematics for Secondary Schools by which the terms are obtained the
When a set of numbers is written in
a definite order so that there is a rule
similar to Figure 4.1.
set is called sequence. The terms of a
sequence can be extended by examining
the relationship between consecutive
terms in order to discover the pattern.
Activity 4.1 highlights how sequences
Figure 4.1: Hexagons formed by
are formed.
arranging matchsticks
Activity 4.1: Making shapes with
2. Make three more hexagons to have
objects
a total of six and use the resulting
Individually or in a group perform the figures to complete the following
following tasks: table.

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