Page 39 - Biology Form Two
P. 39
where one of the two organisms They also act as a source of energy
benefits while the other is harmed). during starvation.
3. Nutrition is important in various 6. Lipids includes fats and oils.
ways as it encompasses the study Lipids are essential sources of
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of the relationship between diets, energy, provide insulation, store
health, and diseases. People fat-soluble vitamins, and protect
who study nutrition are called internal organs. They are also
nutritionist. They are professionals involved in the formation of cell
who advise people on how membranes, regulation of blood
nutrition affects their health and pressure in the body, and immune
well-being.
response.
Through nutrition, an organism 7. Sources of carbohydrates include
can get necessary nutrients needed cassava, maize, potatoes, bananas,
by the body to produce energy, rice, and wheat. Carbohydrates are
and support the functioning of a major source of energy. They
various life processes. Moreover, also aid in the formation of cell
maintaining good nutrition helps membranes.
to promote general body health so
as to reduce the risks of chronic 8. Vitamins are either fat-soluble
diseases such as heart attack, (vitamins A, D, E and K) or water-
diabetes, stroke, blood pressure, soluble (vitamins B and C). They
osteoporosis, and certain types of boost the immunity of the body
cancer. against diseases.
9. The human body requires minerals
4. Various types of nutrients are such as calcium, phosphorus,
needed by the human body for magnesium, potassium, iron, zinc,
its proper functioning. These are sodium, chlorine, iodine, fluorine,
proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, manganese and copper.
vitamins, and minerals.
5. Proteins are obtained from foods 10. Apart from nutrients, there are
like milk, meat, beans, peas, other essential constituents of
lentils, nuts, mushrooms, and human diet needed by the body
sea foods. They are important for such as roughage and water.
growth, repair, formation of cell 11. Water is important in the formation
membranes, muscle functioning, of body fluids and cell cytoplasm,
and production of human protein.
Student’s Book - Form Two
33
05/10/2024 15:36:21
BIOLOGY FORM 2 NEW.indd 33
BIOLOGY FORM 2 NEW.indd 33 05/10/2024 15:36:21
