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Nature and reflection of light

6. A convex mirror is a mirror that curves outward, producing smaller images and
a wider field of view.
7. A virtual image is formed by the apparent divergence of light rays, which cannot
be projected onto a screen (e.g., images in a plane mirror).
8. Real image is an image formed by the actual convergence of light rays, which can
be projected onto a screen.
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9. Focal point is the point at which parallel light rays converge after reflecting off a
concave mirror.
10. Magnification (m) is the ratio of the height of the image to the height of the object,
indicating how much larger or smaller the image is compared to the object.

Revision Exercise 4

1. A parallel beam of light hits a plane mirror. Which diagram illustrates how the
mirror reflects the beam?
(a) (b)

(c) (d)

Spectrum
Figure 4.42:

2. The provided data displays the focal lengths of the three concave mirrors A, B,
and C, along with the respective distances of various objects from these mirrors.

Mirrors Object distance (cm) Focal length (cm)

A 45 20
B 30 15
C 20 30

Answer the following questions:
(a) In the given positions of an object relative to the mirrors, which mirror will
produce a diminished image of the object? Draw a ray diagram to demonstrate
the image formation using this mirror.

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Physics Form 2 Final.indd 161 25/10/2025 10:27