Page 45 - Physics_Form_2

Current electricity
Chapter Two

Current electricity

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Introduction

Current electricity is a fundamental aspect of engineering science that is crucial for
designing, analysing, and enhancing electric circuits, electronic devices, and power
systems in various technological fields. In this chapter, you will learn the concepts
of current electricity, voltage, Ohm’s law, electrical components, electrical energy
and power. The competencies developed will enable you to design and make simple
electric circuits for various applications. It will also enable you to utilise electrical
appliances efficiently in various contexts.

Think
How would life on Earth be without electricity?

Concept of current electricity ends. Various methods have been utilised
A conductor, such as an electric wire to create a potential difference; one
(Figure 2.1(a)), contains charges employs a battery as shown in Figure 2.1
(negative or positive); when these (b), while another involves connecting
charges are compelled to move, they a charged capacitor. To ensure a steady
constitute an electric current. To initiate flow of current, we must use a battery,
this movement, we must establish a as the capacitor discharges immediately
potential difference across the conductor once the current flows.
Battery

Electrons

Electrons

Metal ions Electrons Torch bulb

(a) Electric wire (b) Simple conducting path
Figure 2.1: Flow of charges

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Physics Form 2 Final.indd 39 25/10/2025 10:25