Page 160 - Agriculture_Form_Three

Agriculture for Secondary Schools

Ovaries: These are a pair of organs lying in the abdominal cavity. They serve two
functions of production of female gamete (ova or eggs) and production of female
sex hormones. The process of releasing eggs from ovaries is called ovulation.

Funnel: The end of the fallopian tube on the ovary forms a funnel like structure
called funnel. The funnel receives the ovum during ovulation directing it into
fallopian tube.
Fallopian tubes: The fallopian tubes are also referred to as uterine tubes or oviducts.
Here is where fertilisation takes place. Fertilisation takes place within 48 hours of
service. The fertilised egg in a cow travels from fallopian tube into the uterus within
8 - 14 days.

Uterus/womb: It is a two-horn shaped structure. Each of the horn shaped structure
tappers off into the fallopian tube leading to the ovaries. The zygote settles on the
upper uterine wall where it develops until birth.

Cervix: This is the opening between the vagina and uterus. The cervix closes during
gestation and opens when the animal is on heat or during parturition.
Urethra and urinary bladder: The urinary bladder stores urine while the urethra
conducts urine to the floor of vagina and out through the vulva.

Vagina: This is a female copulatory organ where male reproductive cells
(spermatozoa) are deposited. It is a highly elastic passage through which a foetus is
expelled from the uterus.

Vulva: This is the external opening of the female reproductive system. Vulva
transports urine outside and receives the penis into the vagina during copulation. It
is also a passage of an offspring during parturition.
Male reproductive system in poultry

In birds, the male reproductive system serves two main functions: production of
male reproductive cells (spermatozoa) which fertilise eggs when deposited in the
oviduct and production of sex hormones which influence male characters. The system
consists of two testes located high up in the abdominal cavity along the back near
the anterior end of the kidneys in the dorsal body wall. The system also comprises
of vas deferens, papillae and cloaca. The sperm cells from the testes, urine from the
kidneys and faecal materials from the large intestines all pass through the cloaca
and are expelled out through the vent. The size of the testes varies with reproductive
cycle, that is, they become large during breeding time. Figure 7.3 describes the male
reproductive system of a male chicken.

Student’s Book Form Twos Book Form Three
Student’
149

10/01/2025 12:31
AGRICULTURE FORM 3 9.11.2022.indd 149
AGRICULTURE FORM 3 9.11.2022.indd 149 10/01/2025 12:31