Page 70 - Music

Exercise 4.1

In the following melodies, compose the missing phrases in order to fill the
empty bars and complete the melodies.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

Concept of harmony
Harmony is a combination of two or more pitches played or sung together. In staff
notation, harmony involves a vertical arrangement of pitches. When pitches are
arranged vertically, they will be sung or played at the same time. One way that
can be used to create harmony is by using triads. A triad is a combination of three
notes of a scale, which are the first, third and fifth notes. At this level, you will learn
the tonic triads in major keys of C, G, F and D. Tonic is a name given to the first
note of a scale. When a triad is constructed on the first note of a scale, it is called
tonic triad. The notes included in a tonic triad are the first (root) note, third note
and fifth note. For example, in the key of C major, note C is the root and it is the
first note to be written at the bottom when constructing a C tonic triad. Therefore,
note C will be the lowest note of the C tonic triad with other two notes being E
and G (3 and 5 notes), as shown in Example 1. The same process is applied
rd
th
for tonic triads in the major keys of G, F and D as shown in examples 2, 3 and 4.

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