Page 103 - Agriculture_Form_3

Agriculture for Secondary Schools

(v) In plot five, use a safe herbicide (Under the guidance of a teacher/
agriculture extension worker).
(vi) In plot six, use a combination of more than one method.

(vii) In plot seven, leave it without weeding (as a control).
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
(b) After some weeks, observe and compare the effectiveness of each
method by checking: (i) the extent of weeds found in the plot, (ii) the
soil moisture condition, (iii) the growth and health of pea plants and (iv)
types of weeds.
4. Compare and judge which methods/combinations work best.

5. Record your observations, work done, and lessons learnt in your portfolio.

Management of pests and diseases in the common pea
Like any other crop, common peas are affected by various pests and diseases that
reduce plant growth, pod development, and overall yield. Most of these problems
occur in both garden peas and field peas, but their effects may differ depending on
growth stage, climate, and growing practices. Garden peas are often more affected
during flowering and early pod formation, while field peas are more vulnerable
during seed development, drying, and storage. Some pests and diseases affect
both types of peas, but their symptoms, timing, and impact may vary. Regular
field monitoring, proper identification, and timely control measures are essential
to protect the crop. The major pests and diseases of the common pea in Tanzania
and their effects and managements are discussed in the following sub-sections.

Common pea pests and their management
Insect pests attack on common peas and damage various parts of the crop plant
affecting its health, seed quality, and yield. Early identification of pests is key to
effective control. Generally, management includes crop rotation, weeding, and
field sanitation, while some pests need targeted control methods. The common
ones include:
Cutworms: These are fat, soft-bodied caterpillars that live in the soil and usually
come out at night or very early in the morning. They cut off young pea seedlings
at the base, often killing the plant (Figure 6.4 (a)). To manage cutworms, it is
important to remove weeds and plant remains before sowing, as this destroys
their hiding places and food. Light traps can also be used at night to catch adult

94 Student’s Book Form Three

17/09/2025 14:12
AGRICULTURE F3.indd 94 17/09/2025 14:12
AGRICULTURE F3.indd 94