Page 150 - Agriculture_Form_3

Agriculture for Secondary Schools

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Figure 9.1 (e): Brown Swiss breed Figure 9.1 (f): Guernsey breed

The importance of dairy cattle production

The dairy livestock sector contributes to food, income, employment and soil
improvement. Milk is a nourishing food, a source of energy, protein, vitamins
and minerals. It is highly recommended for children, adults and older people.
Selling milk supplies provides regular cash income. Revenue is also generated
by the sale of bull calves, heifers or slaughtered animals. Many households with
dairy cattle rely on the farm to support their daily expenses, such as school fees,
health care and food. The cattle provide manure, which improves the fertility
of the soil. Other actors such as milk processors, distributors, input suppliers
and transporters are part of the value chain. Demand for milk in Tanzania is
increasing as a result of population growth and changing dietary and dietary
habits. Investments in the dairy sector create jobs for young and old.

Activity 9.1

1. Visit one or more local dairy farmers or markets in your area, and observe the
following:

(a) Breeds of dairy cattle kept; and
(b) Products sold (e.g., fresh milk, fermented milk, ghee, yoghurt).

2. Write a short report (half to one page), including the lesson learnt.

Exercise 9.1

1. Amina visits her aunt in Arusha regularly. She sees her Aunt’s cows are in
a shedded house all the time, and her aunt brings in feed for the cows every
day. What system of dairy farming is this? What are the advantages of this
system?

Student’s Book Form Three 141

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AGRICULTURE F3.indd 141