Page 156 - Agriculture_Form_3

Agriculture for Secondary Schools

Table 9.1: An ideal space for different animal groups

Floor space per Feeding Water
animal (m ) trough
2
Type of space per
S/N space per Mode of housing
FOR ONLINE READING ONLY
animal Covered Open animal animal
area area (cm)
(cm)
Young
Individual or in
1 calves (< 8 1.0 2.0 40 - 50 10 - 15 groups of below 5
weeks)
Older
2 calves (> 8 2.0 4.0 40 - 50 10 - 15 Groups of below 15
weeks)
4.0 -
3 Heifers 2.0 45 - 60 30 - 45 Groups of below 25
5.0
4 Adult cows 3.5 7.0 60 - 75 45 - 60 Groups of below 25

Down
5 12.0 20-25 60 - 75 60 - 75 Individual
calvers
6 Bulls 12.0 120.0 60 - 75 60 - 75 Individual

7 Bullocks 3.5 7.0 60 - 75 60 - 75 Pairs

Milking parlour and support structures
A separate milking parlour should be part of the dairy shed. It helps to ensure clean
and fast milking. The floor must be non-slippery and easy to clean. Water and
cleaning tools should be available. A raised platform helps during hand milking.
Clean milk starts with a clean milking space and the milking process. Details
about milking methods are explained in a proceeding section of the Chapter on
milking management. A strong, narrow passage called “crush”, usually used to
hold cattle safely for various operations such as during treatment, vaccination,
deworming or pregnancy checks, should be constructed in the farm. It protects
both cattle and handlers from injuries. Figure 9.3 shows a cattle crush.

Student’s Book Form Three 147

17/09/2025 14:12
AGRICULTURE F3.indd 147 17/09/2025 14:12
AGRICULTURE F3.indd 147